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Use Marshal.StringToCoTaskMemUni() to prepare input parameters (IntPtr) declared to receive strings.

/// If there are no arguments in the path, the function returns a pointer to the end of the input string.

''' If there are no arguments in the path, the function returns a pointer to the end of the input string.

This is similar, but not identical, to Path.GetFileName. If the input string ends with a directory, the directory is returned rather than nothing; for example, "C:\foo\" becomes "foo\", "C:" stays "C:".

ProcessImageFileMapping, // q: HANDLE (input)

/// <summary>Sets the input locale identifier (formerly called the keyboard layout handle) for the calling thread or the current process. The input locale identifier specifies a locale as well as the physical layout of the keyboard</summary>

/// <param name="hkl">Input locale identifier to be activated.</param>

/// <param name="Flags">Specifies how the input locale identifier is to be activated.</param>

/// <returns>The return value is of type HKL. If the function succeeds, the return value is the previous input locale identifier. Otherwise, it is zero</returns>

''' <summary>Sets the input locale identifier (formerly called the keyboard layout handle) for the calling thread or the current process. The input locale identifier specifies a locale as well as the physical layout of the keyboard</summary>

''' <param name="hkl">Input locale identifier to be activated.</param>

''' <param name="Flags">Specifies how the input locale identifier is to be activated.</param>

''' <returns>The return value is of type HKL. If the function succeeds, the return value is the previous input locale identifier.

[System.Windows.Forms.InputLanguage]

- The process received the last input event.

Summary

The AttachThreadInput API

static extern bool AttachThreadInput(uint idAttach, uint idAttachTo,

Public Shared Function AttachThreadInput(ByVal idAttach As System.UInt32, ByVal idAttachTo As System.UInt32, ByVal fAttach As Boolean) As Boolean

Documentation

[AttachThreadInput] on MSDN

Summary

The BlockInput API

static extern bool BlockInput(bool fBlockIt);

Declare Function BlockInput Lib "user32" (ByVal fBlockIt As Boolean) As Boolean

''' <summary>The BlockInput function blocks keyboard and mouse input events from reaching applications

''' and mouse input events are blocked. If this parameter is zero, keyboard and mouse events are unblocked.

''' If input is already blocked, the return value is zero.

''' <remarks>Note that only the thread that blocked input can successfully unblock input</remarks>

<DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint:="BlockInput", SetLastError:=True, CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, CallingConvention:=CallingConvention.StdCall)>

Friend Shared Function BlockInput(fBlockIt As Boolean) As Integer

Note that this definition does not use Boolean input and return types

Blocks or unblocks mouse and keyboard input.

Useful to create a temporary block in input for sensitive GUI operations. For instance when manually activating a screen saver from within a GUI function, a short blocking delay will prevent the user mouse movements directly after selection from accidently escaping the screen saver.

Class BlockInput

<DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint:="BlockInput", SetLastError:=True, CharSet:=CharSet.Auto, CallingConvention:=CallingConvention.StdCall)>

Friend Shared Function BlockInput(fBlockIt As Boolean) As Boolean

Friend Shared Function DisableInput(makeDisabled As Boolean) as Boolean

Return BlockInput(makeDisabled)

The ManagedWindowsApi project (http://mwinapi.sourceforge.net) provides an InputBlocker class that can block input.

Documentation

[BlockInput] on MSDN

void EnableInput(Control control, bool enabled)

Windows Input Simulator

An open source managed .NET wrapper written in C# is available on Codeplex at http://inputsimulator.codeplex.com/. It has all of these definitions complete with documented code comments and can be used to determine key states as well. Thanks to all the contributors at pinvoke.

Summary

The GetInputState API

static extern bool GetInputState();

if ( !GetInputState() )

Documentation

[GetInputState] on MSDN

using System.Windows.Input;

Windows Input Simulator

An open source managed .NET wrapper written in C# is available on Codeplex at http://inputsimulator.codeplex.com/. It has all of these definitions complete with documented code comments and can be used to determine key states as well. Thanks to all the contributors at pinvoke.

Summary

Gets the time of the last user input (in ms since the system started)

static extern bool GetLastInputInfo(ref LASTINPUTINFO plii);

Shared Function GetLastInputInfo(ByRef plii As LASTINPUTINFO) As Boolean

static bool GetLastInputInfo(LASTINPUTINFO* plii);

type LastInputInfo = {

extern int GetLastInputInfo(LastInputInfo& lpi);

LASTINPUTINFO

Compare to Environment.TickCount to get the time since the last user input.

This function retrieves the time in seconds since last user input

static uint GetLastInputTime()

LASTINPUTINFO lastInputInfo = new LASTINPUTINFO();

lastInputInfo.cbSize = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf( lastInputInfo );

lastInputInfo.dwTime = 0;

if ( GetLastInputInfo( ref lastInputInfo ) )

uint lastInputTick = lastInputInfo.dwTime;

idleTime = envTicks - lastInputTick;

This function retrieves the time in seconds since last user input

Dim lastInputInf As New LASTINPUTINFO()

Public Function GetLastInputTime() As Integer

lastInputInf.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(lastInputInf)

lastInputInf.dwTime = 0

If GetLastInputInfo(lastInputInf) Then

idletime = Environment.TickCount - lastInputInf.dwTime

This function retrieves the time in seconds since last user input

LASTINPUTINFO lastInputInfo;

lastInputInfo.cbSize = (UInt32)Marshal::SizeOf(lastInputInfo);

lastInputInfo.dwTime = 0;

if (GetLastInputInfo(&lastInputInfo))

int lastInputTicks = (int)lastInputInfo.dwTime;

idleTicks = systemUptime - lastInputTicks;

let size = Marshal.SizeOf (typeof<LastInputInfo>)

match GetLastInputInfo(&info) with

Prints time in seconds since last user input.

LASTINPUTINFO lastInputInfo;

lastInputInfo.cbSize = sizeof (lastInputInfo);

lastInputInfo.dwTime = 0;

if (GetLastInputInfo(&lastInputInfo)) {

int lastInputTicks = (int)lastInputInfo.dwTime;

idleTicks = systemUptime - lastInputTicks;

Documentation

[GetLastInputInfo] on MSDN

QS_RAWINPUT = 0x0400,

QS_INPUT = (QS_MOUSE | QS_KEY | QS_RAWINPUT),

QS_ALLEVENTS = (QS_INPUT | QS_POSTMESSAGE | QS_TIMER | QS_PAINT | QS_HOTKEY),

Summary

Function to read raw data from an input device such as a keyboard, mouse or other HID.

/// Function to retrieve raw input data.

/// <param name="hRawInput">Handle to the raw input.</param>

/// <param name="pData">Raw input data.</param>

public static extern int GetRawInputData(IntPtr hRawInput, RawInputCommand uiCommand, out RAWINPUT pData, ref int pcbSize, int cbSizeHeader);

/// Function to retrieve raw input data.

/// <param name="hRawInput">Handle to the raw input.</param>

/// <param name="pData">Raw input data.</param>

public static extern int GetRawInputData(IntPtr hRawInput, RawInputCommand uiCommand, byte[] pData, ref int pcbSize, int cbSizeHeader);

Declare Function GetRawInputData Lib "user32.dll" (TODO) As TODO

RAWINPUT is incompatible with x64. See RAWINPUTHEADER.Device and RAWINPUTHEADER.wParam.

if (m.Msg == (int)WindowMessages.RawInput) // WindowMessages.RawInput = 0x00FF (WM_INPUT)

RAWINPUT input = new RAWINPUT();

int size = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(RAWINPUT));

outSize = Win32API.GetRawInputData(m.LParam, RawInputCommand.Input, out input, ref size, Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(RAWINPUTHEADER)));

if (input.Header.Type == RawInputType.Mouse)

p.X += input.Mouse.LastX;

p.Y += input.Mouse.LastY;

label1.Text = "Mouse: " + p.X.ToString() + "x" + p.Y.ToString() + " " + input.Mouse.ButtonFlags.ToString();

Documentation

[GetRawInputData] on MSDN

public static extern uint GetRawInputDeviceInfo(int deviceHandle, uint command, ref DeviceInfo data, ref uint dataSize);

Declare Function GetRawInputDeviceInfo Lib "user32.dll" (TODO) As TODO

User32.GetRawInputDeviceInfo(device.hDevice, User32.RIDI_DEVICEINFO, ref di, ref size);

Documentation

GetRawInputDeviceInfo @msdn on MSDN

Summary

The GetRawInputDeviceInfo function gets information about the raw input device.

static extern uint GetRawInputDeviceInfo(IntPtr hDevice, uint uiCommand, IntPtr pData, ref uint pcbSize);

Declare Function GetRawInputDeviceInfo Lib "user32.dll" Alias "GetRawInputDeviceInfoW" (ByVal hDevice As IntPtr, ByVal uiCommand As DeviceInfoTypes, ByVal pData As IntPtr, ByRef pcbSize As UInteger) As Integer

Documentation

[GetRawInputDeviceInfo] on MSDN

Summary

The GetRawInputDeviceList function enumerates the raw input devices attached to the system.

public enum RawInputDeviceType : uint

public struct RAWINPUTDEVICELIST

public RawInputDeviceType Type;

public static extern uint GetRawInputDeviceList

[In, Out] RAWINPUTDEVICELIST[] RawInputDeviceList,

uint Size /* = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(RawInputDeviceList)) */

Public Structure RAWINPUTDEVICELIST

EntryPOint:="GetRawInputDeviceList", SetLastError:=True)> _

Public Function GetRawInputDeviceList(ByVal pRawInputDeviceList As

Declare Function GetRawInputDeviceList Lib "user32.dll" (ByVal pRawInputDeviceList As

int structSize = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(RAWINPUTDEVICELIST));

int deviceCount = GetRawInputDeviceList(buffer, ref bufferCount, structSize);

RAWINPUTDEVICELIST device = (RAWINPUTDEVICELIST)Marshal.PtrToStructure(

new IntPtr((buffer.ToInt32() + (structSize * i))),typeof(RAWINPUTDEVICELIST));

// A convenient function for getting all raw input devices.

public static RAWINPUTDEVICELIST[] GetAllRawDevices()

uint dwSize = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(RAWINPUTDEVICELIST));

uint retValue = Win32API.GetRawInputDeviceList(null, ref deviceCount, dwSize);

RAWINPUTDEVICELIST[] deviceList = new RAWINPUTDEVICELIST[deviceCount];

retValue = Win32API.GetRawInputDeviceList(deviceList, ref deviceCount, dwSize);

//IntPtr pRawInputDeviceList = Marshal.AllocHGlobal((int)(dwSize * deviceCount));

//Marshal.FreeHGlobal(pRawInputDeviceList);

Documentation

[GetRawInputDeviceList] on MSDN

This function is useful to simulate Key presses (for input use the virtual keycodes from http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/winui/WinUI/WindowsUserInterface/UserInput/VirtualKeyCodes.asp or windows CE universal core virtual key code compact chart http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms927178.aspx ).

Use FindWindow and SetForegroundWindow to direct input to the desired window.

Note

WaitForInputIdle (Warning this will only wait once! See Raymond Chen's Blog Post http://blogs.msdn.com/b/oldnewthing/archive/2010/03/25/9984720.aspx ), or a Sleep may be required to assure Window is ready for input:

// This is not alternative, this will set the default input language based on installed keyboard layouts, if

//the layout is not installed in regional settings, nothing will happen, but with LoadKeyboardLayout, the input

InputLanguage.CurrentInputLanguage = InputLanguage.FromCulture(new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("fa-IR"));

InputLanguage.CurrentInputLanguage = InputLanguage.FromCulture(new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("En-US"));

FYI, Microsoft tells us for "Windows NT/2000/XP: This function has been superseded. Use SendInput instead."

Thus I have resigned myself to unmanaged code for now. I will post the SendInput version shortly as mouse_event has been deprecated by Bill in favor of SendInput.

Summary

The OpenInputDesktop API

static extern IntPtr OpenInputDesktop(uint dwFlags, bool fInherit,

Private Shared Function OpenInputDesktop(ByVal dwFlags As UInteger, ByVal fInherit As Boolean, ByVal dwDesiredAccess As UInteger) As IntPtr

Documentation

[OpenInputDesktop] on MSDN

Summary

Registers a device to send its raw input data.

/// <summary>Function to register a raw input device.</summary>

/// <param name="pRawInputDevices">Array of raw input devices.</param>

/// <param name="cbSize">Size of the RAWINPUTDEVICE structure.</param>

public static extern bool RegisterRawInputDevices([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray, SizeParamIndex=0)] RAWINPUTDEVICE[] pRawInputDevices, int uiNumDevices, int cbSize);

''' <summary>Function to register a raw input device.</summary>

''' <param name="pRawInputDevices">Array of raw input devices.</param>

''' <param name="cbSize">Size of the RAWINPUTDEVICE structure.</param>

Public Shared Function RegisterRawInputDevices(<MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray, SizeParamIndex := 0)> ByVal pRawInputDevices As RAWINPUTDEVICE(), ByVal uiNumDevices As Integer, ByVal cbSize As Integer) As Boolean

RAWINPUTDEVICE

RAWINPUTDEVICE device;

device.Flags = RawInputDeviceFlags.InputSink;

Win32API.RegisterRawInputDevices(device);

/// Function to register a raw input device.

public static bool RegisterRawInputDevices(RAWINPUTDEVICE device)

RAWINPUTDEVICE[] devices = new RAWINPUTDEVICE[1]; // Raw input devices.

return RegisterRawInputDevices(devices, 1, Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(RAWINPUTDEVICE)));

Documentation

[RegisterRawInputDevices] on MSDN

Summary

The SendInput API

The SendInput function synthesizes keystrokes, mouse motions, and button clicks to the currently active window

internal static extern uint SendInput (uint nInputs,

[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray), In] INPUT[] pInputs,

Friend Shared Function SendInput(<[In]()> ByVal nInput As UInt32,

<[In](), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray, ArraySubtype:=UnmanagedType.Struct, SizeParamindex:=0)> ByVal pInputs() As tagINPUT,

<[In]()> ByVal cbInput As Int32) As UInt32

Private Declare Function SendInput Lib "user32.dll" (ByVal cInputs As Integer, ByRef pInputs As INPUT, ByVal cbSize As Integer) As Integer

INPUT

var pInputs = new[]

new StructLib.INPUT()